Hyperpyrexia is the increase in body temperature above 410C (rectal). It is a medical emergency with high mortality, especially in very young infants, elderly and patients suffering heart disease.
Hiperpirexia occurs because excessive heat production, heat or inhibition expenses thermoregulator damage. Every 10C increase in temperature will raise your metabolism + 13%, so that at a temperature of 40.50C metabolism increased 50%, oxygen consumption increased, there anaerobic metabolism and metabolic acidosis. Temperature> 410C the child may develop seizures, while the temperature> 420C may cause denaturation and cell damage directly.
As a result of which can happen to hiperpirexia:
1. Hypovolaemia
2. Disturbances of heart function
3. Disturbance coagulation function
4. Disorders of kidney function
5. Necrosis hepatosellular
6. Hyperventilation, which can cause hipokapnea, alkalosis and tetani.
TREATMENT
Antipyretics is not given automatically on each patient heat because the heat is the body’s defense business, giving antipyretics can also cover the possibility of complications. Treatment primarily intended to cause heat illness.
Antipyretics
Paracetamol: 10 -15 mg / kg BW / time (can be administered orally or rectal).
Metamizole (novalgin): 10 mg / kg BW / times per oral or intravenous.
Ibuprofen: 5-10 mg / kg / time, per oral or rectal.
Physically cooling
Is the primary choice of therapy. The speed of temperature decrease> 0.10C / min until the temperature reached 38.50C. Physical ways of cooling / compres:
Evaporation: cold compressed sufferers throughout the body, accompanied by the fan to speed evaporation. The simplest way, is not invasive and effective. Another way that can be used: wash stomach with cold water, cold intravenous fluids, enemas with cold water or cold humidified oxygen, but is less effective way.
Decrease in body temperature that can occur quickly reflex vasoconstriction and shivering which will increase the oxygen demand and heat production of harmful body. To reduce this impact can be given:
- Diazepam: is the top choice and more profitable because they have antikonvulsi effects and hypotension had no effect.
- Chlorpromazine
Bibliography
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